Centre for Eye Research Australia
Centre for Eye Research Australia
A non-invasive retinal biomarker as a screening test for Alzheimer’s disease
In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a protein called amyloid beta accumulates in the brain and in the eye over many years. While there are tests that can be used to confirm a diagnosis of AD once memory impairment occurs, these tests are costly, not widely available and invasive. None of these tests are used to screen people without memory impairment to identify those at risk of the disease. This is important as if treatments are to be effective for AD, it is likely that they need to be started before the disease is too advanced. We have recently discovered a way to identify people with high brain amyloid beta load on the basis of a specialised eye photo. Our approach involves taking a series of photos of the retina at the back of the eye with more than 90 different colours of light, all in less than a second. By studying differences in the images taken with different colours of light we can identify amyloid beta. The test is quick and simple. We have gone one step further to show that we can detect the signal with as few as 3 different colours of light, meaning that we can build a cheaper, more robust and reliable camera than our current laboratory one. We will be partnering with neuropsychologists and neurologists to image the healthy adult family members of people with AD who have volunteered to join the Healthy Brain Project. Study participants have volunteered to undergo brain imaging (MRI) and to donate a sample of spinal fluid. This study will establish whether eye imaging can be used to detect the early signs of AD.